Artificial Intelligence (AI) is reshaping the global technological landscape, with the potential for profound transformation across the wider Mediterranean region. From North Africa to the Gulf, governments and companies are exploring how AI can benefit key sectors such as energy, logistics, agriculture, education, health and public administration. However, the development of AI is marked by significant disparities. While some countries are leading the way with advanced infrastructure ambitious projects, others struggle to keep pace due to limited resources and inadequate investment. This uneven landscape poses a major challenge to ensuring a fair, inclusive, and sustainable adoption of AI at the regional level. In a context marked by demographic dynamism, economic uncertainty, and intensifying geopolitical competition, AI represents both a strategic opportunity and a complex governance dilemma. Can regional actors harness AI to accelerate innovation and promote inclusive growth? What role can cross-border cooperation play in preventing digital fragmentation and ensuring that AI is deployed in an ethical, secure, and human-centred manner? Which international actors are best positioned – both in terms of interest and reliability – to support the region’s AI ambitions?